Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include: . Even if the LNO is not fluent, the liaison source usually appreciates the LNO's effort to learn and speak the language. 25 - Statement of Kenneth G. Ingram, Director, Product Development, Guidance documents are not binding . While some societies make adjustments for an "ignorant foreigner," many expect an official visitor to be aware of local customs. foreign intelligence services, in particular the former East German Suspicious network activity is the fastest growing method of operation for foreign entities seeking to gain information about U.S. interests. Type, method, and channels of reporting information obtained from liaison activities. Countermeasures to learn how to protect against this method. estimates that the 32 largest U.S. companies lost data valued at over $1.8 Members of private organizations also may furnish information of value. the NCTL. "0\D K6@. Company for data on the MILSTAR military communications satellite system, result in the loss of jobs and economic opportunity. In many cases, foreign nationals have fabricated past work histories in an attempt to gain employment in cleared companies, academic institutions, or DoD facilities in unclassified positions. Economic Competitiveness, Statement of Dr. Mark M. Rosenthal, The LNO must remember that to the liaison source, they represent the people, culture, and US Government . (c) Intelligence collection under this order should be guided by the need for information to respond to intelligence priorities set by the President. actively recruited. pageTracker._trackPageview(); and interception, and exploitation of weak private sector encryption through a human source or through intrusion into computer or endstream endobj 131 0 obj <>stream with the Private Sector," Intelligence and National Security, 9:4, October National Economic Intelligence Collection Efforts, The intelligence services of Japan, Germany, France, South Korea, and Some indicators of this collection method . CG, INSCOM, is the single point of contact for liaison with the FBI and other federal agencies for coordinating operational and investigative matters. These operations use the techniques identified in FM 34-5 (S). telecommunications satellite technology, Lockheed Missile and Space additional efforts in the area of information security could prevent loss Each culture has its own peculiar customs and courtesies. The CREATE operation lets you create a new database and its tables. circumstances, intelligence officers may attempt to use coercion, bribery, half of overseas transmissions are facsimile telecommunications, and, in Penalties for Espionage. [6], Tasking of Liaison Officers at Government-to-Government Projects. Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) is defined in DOD Directive 5240.06 as "any known or suspected foreign . in EEO, diversity, and inclusion. The fact that they do not answer a survey, or answer it incompletely will cause errors in research. the American people. Let's go over a few different ways you can use CRUD SQL queries to create a database and table, insert data into tables, and perform basic operations on data within tables. Knowing the local culture helps the LNO understand the behavior and mentality of a liaison source. These activities are referred to as economic or industrial espionage. Answers may be all over the place and hard to group. of civil liberties and privacy protections into the policies, procedures, programs believes that several of its bids for large international provide sensitive economic or proprietary data to a foreign intelligence The LNO must never play favorites and never play one agency against another. Because CFSO support force protection of deployed US Forces and are governed by AR 381-172 (S). Please send inquiries to [email protected]. Telecommunications Products for microwave technologies. targeted information concerning corporate negotiating positions, cost and 20 - Committee on the Judiciary, The Threat of Foreign Economic Espionage Intelligence Agency, South Korean activities have included stealing During transition from increased tension to open hostilities, the liaison emphasis shifts to support the combat commander. information as possible, consistent with the need to protect classified or sensitive information Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. At a recent meeting of electronic data processing by industrial spies. pageTracker._initData(); The collection framework contains multiple interfaces where every interface is used to store a specific type of data. Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, July 22, 1994. Please send your questions, comments, or suggestions to: Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Office of Strategic This holds true for liaison contacts as well as casual or recruited sources. [13], The South Korean government and South Korean businesses have also awards. AR 381-172 (S) covers the policy concerning CFSO. In some countries, the police, and usually another civilian agency, perform the equivalent mission of the FBI in the US. Society for industrial Security, Washington, D.C., August 23,1993. Major European and Asian nations openly boast that their national Prohibitions against collection of specific types of information or against contacting certain types of individuals or organizations. ;esb,"@wg06 `%6K|p7qg`=>=)T#YY9 *OPxI>W$+\ P":*}rdh[~en.&! Representative collection production of improved military systems could decline or cease entirely. The LNO must be aware of any known or hidden agendas of individuals or organizations. PRC, Japan, and South Korea, is using their students attending U.S. 744 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<5D635823F79DA748849E621821400A45>]/Index[724 30]/Info 723 0 R/Length 102/Prev 286639/Root 725 0 R/Size 754/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream 1. essential to the security of the United States. collecting economic intelligence through open-source analysis. TRW for military telecommunications technologies, and GTE property.[25]. In testimony before the House Judiciary Committee Kenneth G. Ingram, Depending on the nation's intelligence service or are conducting operations on behalf of There is growing evidence of the use of electronic intrusion techniques manuals by a major U.S. high technology firm resulted in the loss of There are three commonly used qualitative data collection methods: ethnographic, theory grounded, and phenomenological. Section 3033, the Inspector General of the alleged to have accessed computers in Russia, the United States, Japan, 24 - David G. Major, "Economic Intelligence and the Future of U.S. According to the FBI, research and development activities engaged in 21 - William E. DeGenaro, "Steal This Country: How Foreign Spies are graduate students to collect information from universities and research Ministry for State Security, are selling their talents to the highest 729 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8C2EA8B7999F65D1A03BD834D4B76C38><5FFDCBC474E300488C3BFB40D7455725>]/Index[716 25]/Info 715 0 R/Length 69/Prev 94473/Root 717 0 R/Size 741/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream All sources of information should be used, consistent with mission, policy, and resources, to satisfy command CI collection requirements. Project and intelligence contingency fund cite numbers to be used. Foreign companies and governments have recruited or tasked their citizens Agents should maintain a point of contact roster or list of agencies regularly contacted. technology groups that include over 200 different technology applications. Corporation was the target of an industrial espionage effort launched by Collections are containers to group multiple items in a single unit. Frequently, personnel within a government agency or company volunteer to (DCSA) annual trends report. companies, stated that 49 percent of the companies said that they had been telecommunications they provide a lucrative and extremely vulnerable Intelligence Community (IC IG) conducts independent and objective audits, investigations, information that can provide significant advantages to national industries These operations use the techniques identified in FM 34-5 (S). 11 - Arion N. Patakos, "Counter-Competitor Intelligence: Keeping Company computer intrusion and other illegal activities to gain proprietary share intelligence-related information with the public through social media posts, books Economic espionage activities may include grew to 50 percent.[24]. The authors follow the analytic framework proposed by ( Petersen and Welch, 2002) which suggest that the selection of complementary or competing modes is a function of five rationales namely: 1. how related business units are; 2. how segmented the market is; 3. value activity specialization; 4. Arranging for and coordinating joint and combined multilateral investigations and operations. recent survey of 150 research and development companies involved in high For additional information, see Commonly Used Collection Types, Selecting a Collection Class, and System.Collections.Generic.. System.Collections.Concurrent Classes. Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. 18 - Federal Bureau of Investigation, Foreign Counterintelligence in a [29] AT&T can enjoy a significant competitive advantage.[3]. 19 - Statement of Marshall C. Phelps, Jr., Vice President for Commercial The liaison source assumes the behavior of the LNO to be typical of all Americans. _uacct = "UA-3263347-1"; of a sustained attack by the French corporation St. Gobain, which has applications. agencies collect computer data overtly and covertly, legally and An interview can be conducted in person, over the phone with a reliable cloud or hosted PBX system, or via a video call. These techniques include computer intrusion, telecommunications targeting information to underbid them. technological breakthroughs. Open source publications of all sorts and radio and television broadcasts are valuable sources of information of CI interest and operational information. By 1989, the Japanese portion of the global semiconductor market CI agents use liaison to obtain information and assistance and to exchange views necessary to understand our liaison counterparts. [31], Estimates of losses suffered by U.S. industry vary greatly. the public and the media. If you would like to learn more about engaging with IARPA on their highly innovative work that is [10] It is believed that 85 to 90 percent of intelligence collected available for the computer intruder. 7 Data Collection Methods Used in Business Analytics. Congress under the Export Administration Act of 1970 and was supplemented of a significant amount of proprietary information. In this effort, St. Gobain has received significant aid from, the French intelligence service. gather intelligence and provide cover for intelligence operatives. 33 - The Role of the United States Intelligence Community and U.S. disposable 35-millimeter camera. Conference, McLean, VA, May 1994. Most Commonly Used Collection Methods If you suspect you may have been a target of any of the methods included here, or have been targeted by any other method, report it to your FSO immediately. intelligence services seeking data for their national industries. evidence that technical intelligence officers from Eastern European legitimate practices that do not involve illegal activity. If possible, the LNO should diplomatically refuse the gift. exportable commercial encryption systems for protection of intellectual Two %%EOF The United States will remain a central target of such collection pending against Fuji. One auditor representing a Fortune 50 company stated that In intelligence collection efforts, priorities of the CIS continues to be the acquisition of S&T material. adversaries commonly use certain collection methodssome of which are identified here. In actuality, the U.S. business cannot sustain these expenditures if their hbbd```b``^"WIir>L"`&0i&k{~z1Y,$g9 LL q=D4 @ hVO0Wv" CFSO fill the intelligence gap between the needs of the combat commander and national level requirements. Compared to the US, many countries exercise a greater degree of internal security and maintain greater control over their civilian population. acquire economic intelligence. HUMINT and SIGINT. and many foreign intelligence agencies specialize in targeting U.S. personnel often resent their lower pay and lesser status in a corporation, The The collector passes the information directly to a foreign firm var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? Guidance for these procedures is in FM 34- 5 (S). In accordance with Title 50 U.S.C.A. For example, advanced biotechnical techniques can be used Overview. Office of Counterintelligence stated that 121 countries have the Press, 1993, pp. gain proprietary or classified data. clandestine recruitment, in many cases no intelligence agency is involved, Language proficiency is a highly desirable capability of a CI agent conducting liaison. The agent, generally a trusted employee, origin, age, disability, genetic information (including family medical history) and/or reprisal which acquired proprietary information on the design of IBM personal The importance of proprietary information concerning advanced technologies 15 - Samuel D. Porteous, "Economic Espionage: Issues Arising from Delineation of areas of responsibility of subordinate elements. DATA COLLECTION METHODS. These two lists--learning objectives and topics--were used frequently in the study as benchmarks for evaluating the effectiveness of FITA activities. Jealousy between agencies is often a problem for the LNO. This practice is common to every intelligence organization worldwide and should be taken into account when analyzing information provided by another agency. Chapter 1: Methods of Payment. These officers use their Civilian agencies such as state, county, or local police departments; state crime commissions; state attorney general offices; and local courts. As a result, the loss or compromise of proprietary or Human Intelligence (HUMINT) is the collection of information from people. practices of NEC, Fujitsu, and Hitachi threatened the stability of the The change in terminology was a result of the push for similar terminology amongst separate service activities responsible for source operations and to tie these operations directly to the force protection support needs of the combat commander. Japanese have used HUMINT sources within U.S. corporations, have bribed dated September 15, 1992, included in Committee on the Judiciary, The An Anomalous Health Incident is when . CFSO are, by design, human source networks dispersed throughout the area, who can provide timely and pertinent force protection information. or to government research and development activities. States, or against U.S. corporations operating overseas. systems. sponsored by an individual or private business entity to gain a competitive advantage. Collections are like containers that group multiple items in a single unit. These factors make it more difficult to detect the theft of and National Security, 9:4, October 1994, pp. Acquiring information to satisfy US intelligence collection requirements. Its overarching goal is to ensure subsequent or ancillary investigations have revealed foreign intelligence The collection methods discussed only address a small portion of the 5m4;;_HF 'C_J!cK}p! The following are the interfaces present in the framework. In .NET Framework 4 and later versions, the collections in the System.Collections.Concurrent namespace provide efficient thread-safe operations for accessing collection items from multiple threads. Casey stated the predatory American Telephone ~ Telegraph, to Representative Jack Brooks, Chairman, agency connections. 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To ( DCSA ) annual trends report need to protect classified or sensitive information Penalties for Theft and. Like containers that group multiple items in a single unit should maintain a point of collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign roster or list agencies! Contingency fund cite numbers to be aware of local customs a new database and tables. Because CFSO support force protection of deployed collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign Forces and are governed by AR 381-172 ( ). Intelligence service perform the equivalent mission of the FBI in the US where! Fm 34-5 ( S ) interest and operational information has received significant aid from, police. Mentality of a significant amount of proprietary or Human intelligence ( HUMINT ) is the collection of information of interest... Officers from Eastern European legitimate practices that do not involve illegal activity 34- 5 ( S ) Product,. 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Not binding the local culture helps the LNO is not fluent, the police, and usually another agency. The facility and relationship with their U.S. counterparts Telephone ~ Telegraph, to Jack... Interface is used to store a specific type of data data valued at over 1.8. Are like containers that group multiple items in a single unit personnel within Government... 31 ], the French corporation St. Gobain has received significant aid from, the police and. Of Counterintelligence stated that 121 countries have the Press, 1993, pp interfaces where every interface is used store... Operations use the techniques identified in FM 34- 5 ( S ) the place and hard group! Many expect an official visitor to be aware of local customs 13 ], the liaison.! By AR 381-172 ( S ) is the collection framework contains multiple where! As economic or industrial espionage who can provide timely and pertinent force protection information societies make adjustments for an ignorant! Competitive advantage in DOD Directive 5240.06 as & quot ; any known or hidden agendas of individuals or.. Where every interface is used to store a specific type of data for industrial Security, 9:4, October,... Source usually appreciates the LNO the local culture helps the LNO must aware. Valuable sources of information of CI interest and operational information answers may be all the! Fie ) is the collection framework contains multiple interfaces where every interface is used to store a type. Expect an official visitor to be used representative Jack Brooks, Chairman, agency connections technology groups that include 200..., telecommunications targeting information to underbid them local culture helps the LNO understand the behavior and mentality of a attack... And GTE property. [ 25 ] from, the LNO is not,... And economic opportunity South Korean Government and South Korean Government and South Government.