The immediate factors which caused Nigerias insecurity situation are inexhaustible. Todays parents utilize their political clout or influence to affect their childrens education. s Nigeria problem. The Nigerian government requires a rebirth. restrictions on the conduct of private businesses including financial transactions. Non-governing citizens are also judged guilty, even though they are supposed to be free of corruption. We must strive to get to a level where crimes will be nipped in the bud before they are perpetuated. For this reason, a federal system of government is the best system of government for a multi-ethnic country. It further examines the issues of funding NEMA and the State Emergency Management Agency In addition, Nigeria has consistently ranked low in the Global Peace Index (GPI, 2012), signifying a worsened state of insecurity in the country. A state of emergency can be declared when: the country is in imminent danger of invasion or involvement in a state of war, there is a breakdown of public order and public safety in any part of the country, there is a clear and present danger of an actual breakdown of public order and public safety, there is an occurrence or imminent danger of the occurrence of any disaster or natural calamity, there is any danger which clearly constitutes a threat to the existence of Nigeria. Generally, if there is no peace and security, it is extremely difficult for businesses to survive. The situation in Anambra State can be described as merely local or relatively isolated threats to law and order. In 2011 alone, Nigeria's fuel subsidy cost the country an estimated $8 billion and the price tag for 2012 was expected to be even greater. Nigeria was ranked 144th out of 177 countries on Transparency Internationals Corruption Perception Index in 2013, making it one of the most corrupt countries in the world. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is usually investment targeted at building new factories or investing in actual production activities which create jobs. Thus, in the absence of any real threats to security, expenditures on security can be reduced significantly, allowing national and local governments to channel more resources to other public goods to improve the quality of life of the people. Policies that focus solely on single governmental agencies, such as security agencies or the enactment of laws are unlikely to succeed. The present ruling administration is not fulfilling its promises, and officials are more concerned with stuffing their wallets than with properly governing. Consequently, Aluta posited more sustainable development initiatives regarding insecurity are needed in Nigeria and this is imperative, since security is central to development, and the national transformation agenda of the current administration may not be achieved if there is no solution to the menace of insecurity ravaging the country. According to Aluta, Security just like other elements in the business environment enhances and optimizes business activities but insecurity hinders these activities and so it constitutes a threat to business organizations. The countrys population is diverse, with over 250 ethnic groups represented. The powers to declare a state of emergency is contained in section 305 of the 1999 constitution (as amended). One of the general principles is that any decision about an emergency must be done in good faith. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! . K= 7 ! 3. As a result, the city declared a local state of emergency, advising residents to remain indoors, to stay off roads and sidewalks, and to stay away from rushing street waters and to avoid the Main Street bridge. It was during the presidency of Olusegun Obasanjo . Following the military's truly outstanding performance after Hurricane Katrina in 2005, there were calls for active-duty troops to take a more robust - and even leading - role in disaster operations, to include law enforcement. Northerners continue to be suspicious of their southern counterparts, and vice versa. The "petroleum-rich" Nigerian state, confronted by sociopolitical instability, high degree of corruption, mass hostility to the "public," and poor macroeconomic management, continue to display the attributes of a state in crisis (Akinola, 2008).Successive governments in Nigeria, like in many African states, lack the political will to initiate or sustain policy or structural . To begin, the government should put in place policies that have already been developed, such as a gender policy that aspires to achieve gender equality. The following additional powers can be exercised under emergency rule: massive deployment of the armed forces to take charge of security in place of the policy, invasion of peoples privacy (including homes and offices). The implication is manpower shortage for the business which ultimately affects the success and survival of the business. This does not even take into account the country's . This exerts pressure on the business for manpower at any cost. The study has shown that tricycle has contributed significantly to the transportation system in Nigeria. 3 Akwa Ibom State - Uyo. This digital currency will promote financial inclusion, meaning those who are unbanked can get easier and safer access to money on their mobile phones. Conflict of Perceptions between the Public and government Over the years, there has been a standing mismatch between public and government perceptions. The tone here is so negative! A situation where the country earns a great deal of revenue through oil sales but fails to use these earnings to meet the needs of its people and to develop infrastructure as well as the economy. Federalism produces a stronger and stable nation: Another advantage of federalism is the fact that it produces a stronger and stable government in power. In addition, when government decisions are products of subjective rather than objective considerations, states of emergency can be used to settle political scores or advance parochial interests. Required fields are marked *. 1. Emergency Maintenance (EM) is an immediate action that is needed to be taken whenever any unexpected failure of asset occurs or assets get broken down. Lastly, a state of emergency can be abused unless both the legislature and judiciary can assert their independence in practice, and rule of law is made the cardinal principle of governance. The constitutional powers to declare a state of emergency rests with the president. In addition, there should be a complete overhaul of the security institutions in the country to reflect international standards of best practices so as to pre-empt these security breaches. The security challenges in Anambra State over the past weeks do not in any way qualify for the proclamation of a state of emergency. Why eNaira? Problems in Nigeria and Solutions: Nigeria is Africas most populated country and the worlds sixth most populous country. The countrys annual profits have decreased, significantly impacting the countrys population. The underlying principle of good governance is the focus on people as the ultimate objective of governance. . It can be declared for a number of reasons including civil unrest or a natural disaster, armed conflict or in a pandemic. A state of emergency is a situation which allows the government to increase powers in the area. Veteran Nollywood actor, Richard Mofe-Damijo (RMD) has called on the President Muhammadu Buhari-led government to declare a state of emergency . there is an occurrence or imminent danger of the occurrence of any disaster or natural calamity there is any danger which clearly constitutes a threat to the existence of Nigeria The last is when. Also, this avenue was used to pay tributes to the late Chairman of Protection plus Services limited and Director of the Nigeria South Africa Chamber of Commerce, Dr. Ubong King. Insecurity limits market availability. Domestic output suffers as a result of these conditions, but frequent power outages also make it impossible for many international enterprises to do business in Nigeria. A situation that often results in the reactions of the public to the excesses of the military regimes which governed Nigeria and has continued after the end of military regimes and created a sensitivity by those in government at public intrusion in matters of state. There are also circumstances when employees of a business enterprise become victims of the attack and the firm losses its experienced staff through death or injury. Security problems can cut off the supply of such raw materials. Roads are in disrepair due to corruption and misappropriation of public monies Only 67 percent of paved roads and 33 percent of unpaved roads were in good or fair condition in 2011, according to the World Bank. Corruption has been a big issue in Nigeria for quite some time. A State of Emergency, according to state law, can be declared during a situation or imminent threat of widespread or severe damage, injury or loss of life or property, resulting from a natural or man-made cause. Education in Nigeria is a major challenge. What are the problems of development in Nigeria. The foundations of the institutional framework in Nigeria are very shaky and have provoked deterioration of state governance and democratic accountability, thus, paralyzing the existing set of constraints including the formal and legitimate rules nested in the hierarchy of social order. Recommended: Best Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence. K= 7 ! Nigeria has a population of around 180 million people. Inflation is a significant issue in the country. A paper presented by Director Panning Research and Forecasting, NEMA, to participants of the National War College Course 13, at the . Many Nigerian graduates did not acquire useful skills during their education. . This is the case in Nigeria quite often. 2013, is a baby agency in emergency management, compared to Lagos State Emergency Management Agency (LASEMA). 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! It is the bane of our society. Various people poured encomiums on him for his wonderful deeds, impacts, and influence when he was alive. To ensure all this, there must be incentives, good conditions of service, and social security. One can say that emergency is a dangerous situation that requires immediate and quick action. These migrants which are mostly young men are some of the perpetrators of crime in the country. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. There should be an institutionalized approach rather than the episodic and reactive response adopted by the government in the aftermath of attacks. It attempts to highlight the various policies guiding the activities of NEMA and those policies put out to stakeholders by NEMA as the coordinating body. k; 7 ! The judiciary ought to have, at this stage in our development, evolved time scales for cases. The burgeoning population has resulted in a slew of new issues, including environmental deterioration and traffic congestion in major cities. Across the country, groups have emerged to compete for control of resources located on their land. Cases of corruption are not meant to be compromised at all, let alone adjourning them endlessly. 5 Bauchi State - Bauchi. I what to know the genesis of thi This situation has the damaging consequence of giving a signal to the international community that Nigeria is not a safe and secure place and as such not suitable for investment and business activities. Conducive environment: some states lacks police infrastructures such as college, clinic and adequate resources to sustain the desired policing. By using our site, you Due to the escalating costs of education (school fees, enrolment fees, the cost of books and other materials), students and even their parents will not want to be held behind by any type of deficit or failure in any of the needed topics, and would thus go to any length to avoid being held back. The renowned Security expert said that for the Government to tackle insecurity, a key starting point should be to understand the causes of insecurity as well as to investigate their sources of social disorder and instability. e. Land disputes, many of which have been dragging on for years, should be resolved as soon as possible to avoid further loss of life and property. The government is responsible for this discourse, which must be conducted in order to keep the country secure. A large number of the Nigerian population is frustrated and have lost hope, especially the youths, and have now emerged to express their disillusion about the pervasive state of inequality. b. It was the first time the inflation rate has risen since it began to fall in January 2017, when it hit a 12-year high of 18.7%. He posited that there is a need to reorder priorities and to seek a better understanding of the underlying causes and dynamics of the insecurity in the country with the aim of providing effective conflict prevention and management strategies. Thus, instead of being national watchdogs and defending national interest and values, and protecting people from harm by criminals, they soon become saboteurs of government effort by supporting and fuelling insecurity through either leaking vital security information or aiding and abetting criminals to acquire weapons or to escape the long arm of the law. So, it is a strong disincentive to business investment as it scares away potential investors. March 30, 2022. In Nigeria, the variables range from theft to organized armed robbery, kidnapping and demand for ransom, assassination, repeated invasion and blockading of business installations, social injustice, unemployment, lack of access to livelihood resources, the rising cost of living, and bombing, pipelines destruction. 22. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide3.xml.rels They were pupils of Government Secondary School in Chibok, Nigerias Borno State. This issue of lack of highly skilled personnel and sufficient manpower has led to reduced productivity in most sectors of our economy, and as such has limited our economic development and growth. PK ! A State of Emergency helps: Best businesses to start with N100k in Nigeria and be successful, Causes, Effects and Solutions to Brain Drain in Nigeria, Causes, Effects and Solutions to Conflict in Africa, Countries with the best justice system in the world 2022, Effects of Unemployment On Individuals and the society, Problems of the Nigerian educational system, How to buy land in Nigeria: Important documents you will need, Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet, Best Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence. Nigeria is one of the countries in the world with very high rural/urban drift. 500,000 job hopefuls were in a rush to apply for roughly 5,000 openings in Nigerias immigration agency in 2014, and 16 people were murdered in a melee. The menace of insecurity no doubt calls for a new approach that will be founded on credible intelligence gathering. Beyond the external-internal dichotomy, sources of insecurity have also been classified as either remote or proximate and immediate sources/causal factors. Reuters adds that local residents blame government troops for most of the civilian deaths. We recognize that some internal factors have been enhanced and strengthened by the presence of external forces, but, there is no doubt that, if the internal situations did not present themselves, the external forces would be unable to infiltrate. x|J%H7rN`%_rGb@X\v0/t)'.C; th7_w'unVvjJ~ix 53qQmbI+>ocuj6XXj5Lkf`uAvlALk0/!8N>:F'8NpStl!~W,~_7,NgOfO{iT-jkxt-!(mCVx`o! VfpVA/7ev0=_0M)Lc By. Violence is being perpetrated in northern Nigeria by a group known as Boko Haram, which is fighting for a state-controlled by Sharia Law. There is a strong skepticism that if the level of insecurity in our country is not scaled down, our vision to be among the best 20 countries of the world may be aborted. Government must not only continue to engage the security personnel, but it must also, more than ever before, recognize the need to devote more attention to security intelligence, capacity building to meet the global best practice standard, and acquisition of modern technology. (Section 305 (1) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended), Cap C23 . Being your own boss pays better than anything else. Nigerias annual inflation rate rose to 11.23 percent in August 2018, up from 11.14 percent in July, which was higher than the markets forecast of 11.11 percent. For example, a person can be too high of a risk to be desirable to standard insurance providers. Every year, 200,000 students graduate from college, but many struggles to find jobs and turn to less-than-honorable means of sustenance. In addition to the usual crimes, the coordinated attacks from the Boko Haram sect in the northern part of the country, besides making life miserable for Nigerians, have affected so many businesses operating in that region. Recommended: Effects of Unemployment On Individuals and the society. In Nigeria, election tampering is not uncommon. 9. Recommended: How to buy land in Nigeria: Important documents you will need. In addition, the Government at all levels should not compromise in enforcing the law. Malpractices and a lack of preparation Test malpractices have been identified by education experts, with poor examination preparation by pupils being another setback in the educational system. In addition to the fact that areas pruned to insecurity will not be attractive for marketers from outside, there will be restrictions on mobility. Searches can be conducted without a warrant, suspects can be arrested and detained without being charged, special laws can be enacted to punish those who flout the emergency rules, quasi-judicial bodies can be set up to try offenders, rights to lawful assembly and freedom of expression and communication can be restricted, the Nigerian government can decide to take over the executive and legislative functions of the affected state, destruction and confiscation of private property without compensation to the victims. As no planning is involved, number of team members require to resolve issues will be less. When these situations exist, the crime rate is bound to rise and the security of lives and properties cannot be guaranteed. There is hardly a day that passes without sorry tales of pre-meditated killings, armed robbery and other crimes and attacks nationwide. Advantages and disadvantages of statelessness. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide6.xml.rels They apply for jobs, but owing to a lack of credentials, they are not hired. This will contribute to the countrys unity and build greater trust among all tribes. The state of insecurity in the country besides the issue of lack of regular electricity supply, which itself is a source of economic insecurity in the country is repelling investors. As mentioned above, a lack of preparation can . 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! A particular feature of the current state of emergency is the unusually large number of persons that have been detained as a result of it: These include high civil servants, prominent business people, religious leaders, trade unionists and other civic leaders. Economic crisis: Nigerias economic situation has deteriorated significantly. The governors of Nigeria's 36 states have resolved to declare a state of emergency on rape following a spate of sexual violence against women, according to the Nigerian Governor's Forum (NGF). In fact, dictators around the world abuse emergency rule. According to the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), 244,000 children are suffering from acute malnutrition in Borno state and on average 134 die every day from this. We contend that when there is widespread insecurity, it could affect business investment, the entire business organization, or some aspects of its operations which include production, marketing, finance, and human resource (H/R). Apart from the absence of qualified personnel and relevant ambulance equipment, sustainability is an issue.4 Most government ambulance services started and then quickly collapsed when the. Despite being neighbors, the mostly Muslim north and predominantly Christian south were never united until 1914. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! 49. :c7HN|g>c91I@sXdXr1}fr`6'sgJm1TixgLME5+ I have few reasons why the idea of state police should be aborted. 3. Emergency maintenance does not increase lifetime of equipment. What are the economic problems that Nigeria is facing, Also see: Countries with the best justice system in the world 2022. He also went further to expatiate on the remote (root) factors of insecurity in Nigeria. 12. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! 200,000 students graduate from colleges each year, yet many struggles to find work and others resort to less-than-honorable ways of subsistence. All our endearing values and morals have been traded off for western values. d. Resource management should be prioritized so that groups like MEND can no longer exist in our country. [READ MORE] Embassy Messages Alerts Security Alert - Possible Protests Leading to Elections and Restricted Movements on Election Days - February 25 and March 11 Mon, 13 Feb 2023 Abrupt braking. It is both a social and economic monster. of Human Rights (ECtHR) that a public emergency must "concern [a state's] entire population" to justify a state of emergency.9 Under the fiduciary model, states would be permitted to derogate from their human rights obligations where necessary to address regional instability that threatened the state's capacity to maintain legal order. Nigerians and foreign watchdog groups describe accounts of candidates using thugs to steal ballot boxes and threaten voters during elections. In the year preceding up the 2007 elections, a Foreign Affairs study found about 700 election-related violent actions, including two killings. Insecurity, therefore, becomes a drain on local and national resources at the expense of development and peoples well-being thereby, having adverse consequences on economic growth and development. Unemployment is also one of the key causes of social vices in the country; even graduates have difficulty finding work. The organization has kidnapped children and murdered Christians across the country. The problem of Amalgamation: The British colonial authorities constructed Nigeria as a geographical place to make administration easier. Institutions remain weak with insufficiently protected property, rights, high corruption, and undue influence. This is because a state of emergency gives the government a wide range of special powers to deal with the situation at hand. The states have now become the administrative units of the federal government. As stated in the Nigerian constitution of 1999, basic and secondary education would be free. Graduates are usually required to live with their parents for lengthy periods, which can lead to discontent and pessimism. K= 7 ! It is safe, secure, and can not . Lastly, state insurance departments assist in making insurance available to consumers. The porosity of Nigerias borders has serious security implications for the country. k; 7 ! Recommended: Causes, Effects and Solutions to Brain Drain in Nigeria. Foreign investors in the Nigerian economy are moving away from starting new companies or production plants and are buying up shares of quoted companies instead. The activities of the avengers were responsible for the epileptic power supply in the country as well as the inability of state governors to pay workers salaries due to the low revenue generated in the oil sector as a result of the attack on pipelines. This definition reflects physical insecurity which is the most visible form of insecurity, and it feeds into many other forms of insecurity such as economic security and social security. 13/05/2020. The Speaker was Chris Aluta, GMD, ProtectionPlus Services Limited. The government is responsible for this discourse, which must be conducted in order to keep the country secure. Diseases like HIV/AIDS have also been a major problem that has cost the government billions of dollars to address. He mentioned that the crime rate in Nigeria is extremely high. During the enforcement of emergency rule, however, these principles might not be adhered to. Emergencies always occur without any warning. Solutions to the problems of Nigerian economy. The article argues that the presidential constitutions of Nigeria, namely 1979 and 1999, lay down . According to studies, the most effective approach to terrorism is effective security and dialogue with terrorists to tackle issues related to the source of terrorism, and the government must prioritize the benefits of the people. Ethno-Religious Conflicts These have arisen from distrust among various ethnic groups and among the major religions in the country. An analysis of Nigeria's health sector by state: recommendations for the expansion of the Hygeia Community Health Plan, Amsterdam Institute for International Development (AIID). SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE BUILDING SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. ppt/slides/_rels/slide13.xml.rels Many others have also linked security to the governance system. The possibility of federal government taking over the affairs of the state explains why no state governor has ever requested the president to proclaim a state of emergency in their state. What are the development issues in Nigeria? Disadvantages : Unpredictability is one of main disadvantages of Emergency maintenance as one does not when failure is going to occur. Workflow of Emergency Maintenance (EM) : How to deal with Emergency Maintenance Situations? In addition, insecurity destroys existing infrastructure and also prevents an environment for the development of further infrastructure; and a safe environment for economic activities by individuals to give them economic empowerment that will enable households not only to cater for their present generations but also to provide for future generations. This generated heated debate about the legitimacy of declaring a state of emergency. This can be accomplished by learning one or two different trades. Social Media Anxiety Disorder is another disadvantage of social media. All these variables of crimes and social maladies have made the Nigerian security environment to be complex. NGC implodes : Dr . Civilians in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger continue to be affected by grave violations of human rights, widespread sexual and gender-based violence, forced recruitment and suicide bombings. The latest disgusting incident was the abduction and killing of an American-based Nigerian, Prince Eloniyo Abuda, who was found dead five days after he was abducted by suspected Fulani herdsmen. The last is when the president receives a request to declare a state of emergency from a state governor. Some of the current conflicts in the country may be traced back to this forced union. 10. Another issue in Nigerian schools nowadays is political meddling; politics is the most powerful factor in the Nigerian educational system. Located in western Africa and bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Benin, and Niger, Nigeria occupies a land mass of approximately 924,000 km 2 (357,000 mi 2 ), about twice the size of California. Large-scale emergencies can result in a state of emergency being declared by a government entity. Besides, it is to provide a holistic view of the suggestion or recommendations of solutions. The essence of this provision is to enable the president to . These vague and two-line solutions proffered to the mountain of problems are insufficient to shed light on the way forward, they {solutions} seem better said than done! Sub-sections 1 and 2 provides that the president may by instrument published in the . On December 18, 1980, in Kano city a notable religious riot between the maitatsines, an anti-westernization sect and. Weak Security System This results from inadequate equipment for the security arm of government, both in weaponry and training. CDC and Nigeria partnered to launch an emergency response shortly after Nigeria reported its first case of COVID-19 in February 2020. Making insurance available to consumers they apply for jobs, but many struggles to find jobs turn! 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